Pneumatic drill.



'No. 877,523. PATENTED JAN. 28 1908.

J. W. SMITH.

PNEUMATIC DRILL.

APPLIGATION FILED A.PR.6.1907.

WITNESSES 1 INVENTOH l4 A TTOHNE Y8 s ical in the consumption of air, 0 erative- JOHN w. SMjITH, 0F PniLApELPmA, PENNSYLVANIA.

.rzmmrrc DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 6. 1907. Serial No. ssassi.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. Sirrrn, a citi-' zen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Drills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to portable pneumatic drills and has for its' object to provide a drill compact in structure, durable, economwithout vibration, and light in weig t for a given capacity For this purpose, my invention consists of.

a pneumatic drill, compris' a drill spindle, a turbine wheel, and means or transmitting the rotary movement of the turbine wheel to And t the drill-spindle.

The invention consists further of fip'neumatic drill, comprising a drill-spindle, a turbine wheel, a hollow power-shaft secured to the turbine wheel, a drill-s indle extractor passing through the power-s aft for extractlng the drill, and transmission means between the drill-spindle and the power-shaft. The invention consists further of a pneumatic drillconiprising two compartments, a turbine wheel in one compartment, a. drillspindle, and means for transmitting. the ro tary'movement of the turbine wheel to the drill-s indle, in the second compartment.

he invention consists further of certain novel features which'will be more fully-{described hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

.'In the accom represents an en view of my improved neumatic drill, Fig. 2 represents a vertical ongitudinal section of Fig. 1 taken on line 2-2 of 1, and Fig. 3, represents'a detail view of the turbine shaft and drill-spindle extractor passing therethrough. 7

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

' Referring to-the drawings, the casing a rovided with an inlet B, to which a supply hose, not shown, may be conveniently secured, and also with outlets D The head A of the, casingA is provided with an opena, through which the feed-scre'wE and dnllpzindle extractor E passes.

The feed screw engages a threaded socket A of the casixigehead A and has secured at its outer end by means of a key e, a feeding'handle having arms 0; At the inner end of the anying drawings, Figure 1 1 feed screw, E issecured, or made integral therewith, the. drillspindle extractor E'. By the rotary movement of the handlee, the drill-spindle extractor moved-in- Patented Jan; 28,1908.

wardly of the casing, The other'head A of the casing A is provided with a tubularex tension a in which a s indle socket F is journaled. A drill-spind e F is inserted in the drill-socket F and held therein, so as to be rotated on the rotation of the socket F.

The drill extractor E is arranged to come in contact with the spindle when screwed to its innermost position, whereby the drillproper F may be extracted by means of ejection. In the casing A is arranged a turbine G having U-shaped buckets H,

which turbine has its disk g provided with a hub g secured to a hollow shaft )L The U-shaped bucket-s are impinged by air guided by means of a nozzle H and channels H the operation of which being well. known need not be. specifically described, all the more so, as any approved turbine system could be used e ual y well. A supply channel K connects t e inlet B with the nozzle H Air is admitted to the turbine wheel. by means of the'nozzle or'nozzles in communication with the inlet B. For the p ose of obtaining the highest efiiciency some orm of spiral svstem orsome other multiple impact systemof turbine construction is made use of, which causesv the air to be impin ed against the turbine buckets several times efore escaping to the exhaust. The accompan drawingshows a-s iral system, in which t e expanded air y escapes at D.

The turbine shaft M is Follow to allow the pass e of the drill-spindle extractor E, which extends from one head A of the casing to the other, A, and which journaled at the spindle end of the casing in' the socket F. On the power shaft M a pinion n is secured, which meshes with gears 10,, each of which is' mounted on a stud-shaft n, sup: plorted in the walls of thefcas' nlarged' arts n are provide which have secured t ereto pinions S, each of which mesh with the gearT, whichissecured to the 1 11105 drill socket F. Both gears nengage the pinion n, and both inions'S engage the gear wheel T. The ob gct of this arrangement Q 1 is to cause the torque of the power-shaft'M to,

be balanced. 1

A socket t, is provided with a thrust-beariv matelysequal 'betweenitheftwo bearings, thus causing each'bearing'to operate at approxi- I small vibratienwvhich is common to bearings I j ism compartment communication with the atmosphere me'ans'of' smallholes D Inorder to have a 'jsuccessful machine for" running at such high is eed, it. is necessary to have the transm1s'-' for this reason jan'oil tight compartment N with a l the bearings communication with suitable oil or'grease, and the other,.N ,.is a separatccompartme'nt, in which the turbine are so arranged that-there isno communicaf form'edi neither one of which communicates" would also ubr'icatejlthe 'thrusflbearing. i, 7 The shaft-Misbearing bearings jordinarlly used; As t e rotary speed of a turbinerotorof such small li ameter-is veryhiglr, a plain ball-bearing will last but a show-time. The" bearing -just described; forms-fa twin-bearing, in which this 'ings m-an m, each of which is constructedto revolve perfectly free, in which case the on these bearings from standing still W le thesothenrotatesh N separated-from that in which t e 'trans-. Jnn'ssion mechanism is arranged. "Thiscom- -partme nfN fis'se arated from the mechang by means of the dividing -ment, in which the mechanism movesfibeing pressure .can afiect the. oil compartment.

magi, are. be placed a 'the lewer endlof the I- indle' and still ,bein. communication.

with t e oil fromth'e. olil tight'com a'rtrnent,

as,.;the oil a'ssing dowh-thedri -spindle;

fo videdfwith anianr'iular, groove maenga edgi jba'lls'f m", which engage thergrooves o the; innetgvait. of a? bearingring mfl' whichis provide also at'its' oiiter portion with-"grooves, vengaged! by balls: m which alsoenga" etheygroove's of a stationary I povelbearings are 111- tended textake theiplace, of the lain ballei'rcessive ,s eed is; divided between two bearexcessive speed "will divide itself approximatelji oneh'alf ofasingle bearing The of high speed has a ten'delrcy to prevent one The-turbinefg'rotates in a com artment wall- JPr -The "turbine compartment is in game mechanism operate in oilor-grease and;

is-arran ed. This, as is seen n the drawings, isoi'med by'the casing A and the div1 with two com artments N and N one. of.

which;--N?,* is t e 011 tight compartment containin suitable- -transmission mechanism rotoris mounted or'in which a complete turbine sinstalled. These twcn compartmentstion between them. Thus, chambers are with' the other and each of which is separated from-theotheL-"The oil compartoil-'tight,-n'0 oil passes into the turbine compartment, and on the other hand',.no air As will be noticed the axis of the turbinedrilling holes only,.but is applied to every service in which a portable motor is found ding. wall Pi, -Hence, a complete turboipneumatic drill consists of a, suitable casing wheel is in line withthat of the dl'illspindle F, they may also be parallel. Theladirane pin or drillextractor topass through. the turbine-shaft; compact design.

' In the construction of pneumatic dril a e of this is two-fold, first, it allows a suita and secondly, it admits a .both the power and transmission mechanism were. arranged in a single compartment,

' which contained-a suitable lubricant. rma

tuation of the air-pressure had atendency "to drive the lubricant outjso in actual prac l tice no supply of lubricantcould-"be m'ain. tained. This is espec-ially the case in rotor and'piston-types, j

Among the advantages of my improved .former types such as the piston orlrotor,"

construction are that 'mylim roved pneusumption ofair than the aindrill'of the piston t e' or rotor. type hitherto used, secondly,

it 1s more durable, thirdly, it'operatesawith out vibration, fo'urthly, the, air consumption" m'atic drillis more econoinica in the 0011-.

does not increase with thetimeithe machine has-been in operation, and fifthly, the machine as a whole is lighter in weight in pro ortion to its capacity than other mach nesiitherto' used, and at the" same time. is

cheaper to manufacture The field-of usefulness of a pneum'aticdrill is notlimited to convenient, such as reaming," tapping, grinding, rolling tubes and driving. various machines. v p a I In the accompanyingspecification, I have a shown the r'nost popu 1' means for attach- 'ing drills, reamers and the various other-tools power-shaft secured to the turbine-wheel, a.

drill extractor passing throu h the powerclaim as new and d'esireto secure by Letters shaft for extracting the dril s, and 'transmission nieans between the drill-spindle and the power-shaft. Y

2. In a pneumatic drill having a drillspindle, a casing having two compartments, 'a' turbine-wheel compartment and an oiltight compartment containing alubricant, a

turbine-w eel having buckets in the turbinewheel compartment, a power-shaft secured to said turbine-wheel, and bearings for'the' power-shaft, all the bearings ofthe powershaft in the oil-tight compartment, being all the bearings of the turblne, beingincom -munication' with the lubricant therein.

3. In a pneumatic drill having a drillspindle, a casin having two compartments,

a turbine-whee compartment and an oil- I tight compartmen'rncontainingalubricant, a

turbine-wheel having buckets in the turbine- Wheel compartment, transmission mechanism between the turbine-wheel and drillspindle, and bearings for the turbine-wheel and the transmission mechanism, all of said bearings being in communication with the lubricant in the oil-tight compartment.

4. In a pneumatic drill having a drillspinrlle, a casing having two noncommunieating compartments, a turbine-wheel compartment and an 0il-tight compartment containing a lubricant, one separated from the other, a turbine-wheel having buckets in the turbine-wheel compartment. transmission mechanism and gears between the turbine-wheel and drill-spindle, and bearings for; the turbine-wheel and for the transmission mechanism and gears, all of said bearings and gears being in communication With the. lubricant inthe oil-tight compartment. In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN W. SMITH.

Witnesses:

J. T. SMITH, R BERT L. ROBERTS. 

